The growing global challenges of neurological conditions

A study that was reported on in the Lancet Neurology showed that over 3 billion people worldwide are living with neurological conditions, making these disorders the leading cause of illness and disability globally

Since 1990 the overall burden of neurological illnesses has risen by 18%, The World Health Organisation reported.

Suffering from neurological conditions

More than 80% of neurological deaths and health losses occur in low- and middle-income countries, where resources are restricted. High-income countries have up to 70 times more neurological professionals per 100,000 people, leaving many in need without good support.

Neurological conditions cause substantial suffering in individuals and families. The study emphasises the need for targeted interventions that ensure people with neurological disorders can access quality care and rehabilitation.

Raising awareness about brain

Among the ten most common neurological conditions contributing to health loss are stroke, neonatal encephalopathy,migraine, and dementia. The report states that while men experience more overall disability, certain conditions, like migraine and dementia, disproportionately affect women.

The number of people living with conditions such as diabetic neuropathy, which has tripled since 1990 to 206 million cases, shows the global rise in diabetes. New challenges have also emerged, like neurological complications linked to COVID-19, affecting over 23 million people.

Improved prevention and care

Some conditions have seen a decline in burden, due to improved prevention and care. For example, advancements in vaccines and healthcare have significantly reduced cases of meningitis and neonatal encephalopathy.

The study also identifies adjustable risk factors that could prevent many neurological conditions. Addressing high blood pressure and reducing air pollution could potentially prevent up to 84% of stroke-related disabilities. Tackling lead exposure and high blood sugar levels could also significantly reduce the burdens of intellectual disabilities and dementia, respectively.

To help fight this growing challenge, the World Health Assembly adopted a global action plan in 2022, aimed at improving prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation for neurological disorders. By investing in research and enhancing healthcare services, countries can work towards fair access to care and better outcomes for individuals affected by these conditions.