Earth had rings like Saturn. They crashed on the planet

The ring could have cast a shadow on Earth, blocking sunlight and contributing to a significant global cooling event.

In Short

• The new revalation challenges our understanding of Earth's ancient history
• It offers new insights into a period of intense meteorite bombardment
• Material from this ring gradually fell to Earth

In a groundbreaking discovery, researchers have found evidence suggesting that Earth may have once sported a ring system similar to Saturn's, approximately 466 million years ago.

This revelation, published in Earth and Planetary Science Letters, challenges our understanding of Earth's ancient history and offers new insights into a period of intense meteorite bombardment known as the Ordovician impact spike.

The study, led by Professor Andy Tomkins from Monash University, examined the positions of 21 asteroid impact craters from the Ordovician period. Surprisingly, all these craters are located within 30 degrees of the equator, despite over 70% of Earth's continental crust being outside this region.

This unusual distribution prompted researchers to propose a novel explanation.

According to the team's hypothesis, a large asteroid had a close encounter with Earth, passing within its Roche limit. This close approach caused the asteroid to break
apart due to tidal forces, forming a debris ring around the planet.

Over millions of years, material from this ring gradually fell to Earth, creating the spike in meteorite impacts observed in the geological record.

The implications of this discovery extend beyond geology. The researchers speculate that the ring system may have influenced Earth's climate by casting a shadow and blocking sunlight.

This could have contributed to a significant global cooling event known as the Hirnantian Icehouse, recognized as one of the coldest periods in the last 500 million years of Earth's history.

Professor Tomkins emphasized the potential climate implications, stating, "The idea that a ring system could have influenced global temperatures adds a new layer of complexity to our understanding of how extraterrestrial events may have shaped Earth's climate".

This research not only provides a new perspective on Earth's ancient history but also raises intriguing questions about the potential for other ancient ring systems and their impact on the development of life on our planet.