NZD/USD advances to near 0.6200 due to risk-on mood, Fed interest rate decision awaited

• NZD/USD appreciates due to improved risk sentiment ahead of the Federal Reserve's anticipated interest rate cut on Wednesday.
• Lower US Treasury yields added to the downward pressure on the US Dollar.
• New Zealand's Current Account deficit expanded to NZD 4.826 billion in Q2, from the previous deficit of NZD 3.825 billion.

NZD/USD edges higher to near 0.6200 during the early European hours on Wednesday. The upside of the NZD/USD pair could be attributed to the improved risk sentiment ahead of the Federal Open Market Committee’s (FOMC) monetary policy meeting scheduled for Wednesday.

The US Dollar (USD) loses ground amid rising expectations that the US Federal Reserve (Fed) may announce a substantial 50 basis point rate cut on Wednesday. The CME FedWatch Tool indicates that markets are assigning a 37.0% probability to a 25-basis-point interest rate cut, while the likelihood of a 50 basis point cut has risen to 63.0%, up from 62.0% just the previous day.

Additionally, lower US Treasury yields contribute to the downward pressure for the Greenback. The US Dollar Index (DXY), which measures the value of the US Dollar (USD) against other six major currencies, retraces its recent gains from the previous session. The DXY trades around 100.80 with 2-year and 10-year yields on US government bonds standing at 3.60% and 3.64%, respectively, at the time of writing.

UOB Group FX strategists Quek Ser Leang and Lee Sue Ann highlighted that the New Zealand Dollar (NZD) is unlikely to see significant further gains in the short term. Instead, they expect the NZD to trade within a range of 0.6160 to 0.6205. Over the longer term, they anticipate a broader trading range between 0.6135 and 0.6235.

On Wednesday, New Zealand's Current Account deficit expanded to NZD 4.826 billion in the second quarter, up from a deficit of NZD 3.825 billion in the previous quarter. The Q2 deficit exceeded market expectations, which had predicted a trade deficit of NZD 4.0 billion.

Additionally, traders will be closely monitoring New Zealand's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) data for the second quarter, set to be released on Thursday. The GDP is expected to contract by 0.4% quarter-on-quarter in Q2, following a 0.2% expansion in Q1. On an annual basis, economic growth is projected to decline by 0.5%, compared to the previous 0.3% growth.

New Zealand Dollar FAQs

What key factors drive the New Zealand Dollar?

The New Zealand Dollar (NZD), also known as the Kiwi, is a well-known traded currency among investors. Its value is broadly determined by the health of the New Zealand economy and the country’s central bank policy. Still, there are some unique particularities that also can make NZD move. The performance of the Chinese economy tends to move the Kiwi because China is New Zealand’s biggest trading partner. Bad news for the Chinese economy likely means less New Zealand exports to the country, hitting the economy and thus its currency. Another factor moving NZD is dairy prices as the dairy industry is New Zealand’s main export. High dairy prices boost export income, contributing positively to the economy and thus to the NZD.

How do decisions of the RBNZ impact the New Zealand Dollar?

The Reserve Bank of New Zealand (RBNZ) aims to achieve and maintain an inflation rate between 1% and 3% over the medium term, with a focus to keep it near the 2% mid-point. To this end, the bank sets an appropriate level of interest rates. When inflation is too high, the RBNZ will increase interest rates to cool the economy, but the move will also make bond yields higher, increasing investors’ appeal to invest in the country and thus boosting NZD. On the contrary, lower interest rates tend to weaken NZD. The so-called rate differential, or how rates in New Zealand are or are expected to be compared to the ones set by the US Federal Reserve, can also play a key role in moving the NZD/USD pair.

How does economic data influence the value of the New Zealand Dollar?

Macroeconomic data releases in New Zealand are key to assess the state of the economy and can impact the New Zealand Dollar’s (NZD) valuation. A strong economy, based on high economic growth, low unemployment and high confidence is good for NZD. High economic growth attracts foreign investment and may encourage the Reserve Bank of New Zealand to increase interest rates, if this economic strength comes together with elevated inflation. Conversely, if economic data is weak, NZD is likely to depreciate.

How does broader risk sentiment impact the New Zealand Dollar?

The New Zealand Dollar (NZD) tends to strengthen during risk-on periods, or when investors perceive that broader market risks are low and are optimistic about growth. This tends to lead to a more favorable outlook for commodities and so-called ‘commodity currencies’ such as the Kiwi. Conversely, NZD tends to weaken at times of market turbulence or economic uncertainty as investors tend to sell higher-risk assets and flee to the more-stable safe havens.

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